Why Disc Count Can Mislead
Having more discs early is not necessarily an advantage. Many discs can create a large frontier that gives the opponent extra legal moves. Corners, by contrast, can never be flipped and often provide access to stable edge structures. Position and mobility are therefore more important than immediate material count.
Game-Theory Connection
Reversi is a perfect-information, deterministic, zero-sum game with strong positional effects. It demonstrates adversarial search, delayed reward, mobility, stable states and why a locally profitable move can be strategically harmful several turns later.